Local and Indigenous Knowledge Systems in the Peruvian Andes: Turno Cultivation in the Campesino Communities of Huancachi and Quilcas
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
'Turno' cultivation is an ancestral system of land and crop management maintained by Andean Campesino and Indigenous communities according to Local and Indigenous Knowledge Systems (LIKS) which steward high rates of biodiversity, supporting local food and livelihood security.High levels of poverty and compounding inequalities experienced by these communities heighten their vulnerability to climatic and development pressure, threatening turno systems and the LIKS that underpin them. Research was conducted from June 2023 – March 2024 with Huancachi and Quilcas, 2 campesino communities recognized for native potato biodiversity and continued turno cultivation. This paper will examine these food systems to understand how internal and external processes facilitate ongoing production and reproduction of LIKS and how these processes impact food security and food sovereignty. Research was conducted using a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach, which is a change- and problem-oriented approach for participant-led research and systems thinking as a conceptual framework and methodology for uncovering dynamic processes embedded in LIKS. Data was collected using a mixed-methods approach leveraging surveys and focus group discussions. Results from this study suggest the integral role that land, culture and worldview play in sustaining and reproducing Indigenous Knowledge for turno cultivation, as well as the role of external actors in shaping relationships between system elements. This study found that as access and ownership over land is threatened, the power and influence of external actors over these local knowledge systems are increased, which in turn shapes relationships and functions of the knowledge system. Implications: These results illustrate how turno production systems can be supported institutionally by focusing on both the internal relationships within communities and the relationships they have with external actors.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it