Acute coronary syndrome patients exhibit cognitive impairments and gut dysbiosis compared to high cardiovascular risk patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that gut dysbiosis correlates with cognitive impairments in both animal models and clinical settings. Additionally, alterations in gut microbiota have been linked to acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, the relationship between gut microbiota changes and cognitive outcomes in recent ACS patients remains poorly understood. The present study aims to investigate these changes in gut microbiota and cognitive function in recent ACS patients, comparing them to individuals with high cardiovascular (CV) risks. METHOD: The present study enrolled 50 hemodynamically stable ACS patients who experienced myocardial infarction within the past 24 hours, along with 42 patients with high CV risks who served as a control group. This study received approval from the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate neurocognitive function. Fecal samples were collected for gut microbiome analysis via 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics between stable ACS patients and the control group were significant differences in genders, smoking status, alcohol consumption and some underlying conditions including hypertension and dyslipidemia. Recent ACS patients exhibited a significant decline in MoCA scores (Figure 1A), with lower scores across all subdomains than the control group (Figure 1B). Additionally, recent ACS patients showed gut dysbiosis, evidenced by an increased diversity in the gut microbiota (Figure 1C) and significant differences in microbial composition (Figure 1D) relative to the control group. Notably, recent ACS patients showed mark increases in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota and Enterobacteriaceae/Proteobacteria ratios, suggesting further gut dysbiosis (Figures 1E and 1F). A negative correlation was observed between certain differential taxa-such as Peptostreptococcales-Tissierellales and Peptostreptococcus-and MoCA scores in recent ACS patients (Figure 1G). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest an association between alterations in gut microbiota and cognitive impairments in recent ACS patients. Specifically, the presence of Peptostreptococcales-Tissierellales and Peptostreptococcus may serve as potential biomarkers for cognitive impairmentsin this population.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".