Influence of a 12 week at-home resistance exercise program on 13C-glucose metabolism in patients with metabolic myopathies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Metabolic myopathies (MM) are a diverse group of genetic disorders that impair cellular energy metabolism, resulting in exercise intolerance and fatigue. Previous studies have reported benefits of physiotherapy in patients with MM, however, objective assessments of their efficacy remain limited. The 13 C glucose breath test ( 13 C-GBT) is a non-invasive measure of glucose metabolism through the detection of 13 CO 2 expelled from the tricarboxylic acid cycle. This study utilizes the in vivo 13 C-GBT assessment pre- and post-therapeutic intervention to evaluate the impact of a supervised 12 wk. at-home resistance training program on patients with MM. Objectives The first experiment was to assess the repeatability of the in vivo 13 C-GBT through triplicate study days in healthy controls. The second experiment was to assess 13 C-glucose metabolism in participants with MM pre- and post-therapeutic intervention. Design Six healthy adult controls (3 F: 3 M) aged 22–29 y, and three adolescent participants (1 F: 2 M) aged 10–18 y with diagnosed MM were recruited. Participants completed up to three study days pre- and post-intervention, consuming a 1.5 mg/kg body weight dose of [U- 13 C 6 ] d -glucose, and 1.5 g/kg body weight Trutol® glucose beverage. Breath samples collected during the 4 h study day were analyzed for 13 C enrichment with isotope ratio mass spectrometry, and used to calculate rate of glucose oxidation (mg/kg/min). Measured 13 C enrichment was used to calculate the rate of glucose oxidation (mg/kg/min) and interpreted with Area Under the Curve analysis, and determination of maximum rate (C max ). Results Repeatability of the 13 C-GBT was confirmed in healthy participants, with average coefficients of variation (CV) being 8.9 % in males and 8.6 % in females at C max . Among MM participants, exercise intervention increased glucose oxidation 23.5 % in subject MM-01 (F, 14 y), and 9 % in MM-02 (M, 16 y); but decreased −11.7 % in MM-04 (M, 17 y). All subjects showed a marginal increase in lean body mass (2–4 %). Conclusions The non-invasive 4 h 13 C-GBT protocol shows potential as a feasible tool for clinicians to monitor glucose utilization due to its low patient burden and good repeatability. Future work should validate the repeatability of the assay in a larger patient population to confirm its translational potential to guide the management of MM patients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".