Selection and characterization of a DNA aptamer for Patulin and its application in a label-free fluorescence assay for fruit juices
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Patulin (PTL, 154 Da) is a small molecule toxin produced as a mold metabolite. PTL is unstable in animals and is quickly converted to its metabolites. Thus, few successful antibodies were reported even after extensive efforts in hapten design. In this work, a library immobilization strategy was used to obtain DNA aptamers for PTL, where exposure of PTL to live animals or cells is no longer needed. After 20 rounds of selection, the most abundant aptamer named PTL-1 has a dissociation constant ( K d ) of 12.5 μM based on isothermal titration calorimetry and 18.4 μM based on thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence spectroscopy. PTL-1 has excellent selectivity against nine other antibiotics. Compared to previously reported aptamers for PTL, PTL-1 is either shorter or has higher affinity. A label-free ThT fluorescence assay based on PTL-1 was developed, which has a detection limit of 0.2 μM (detection range 0.2–20 μM) for PTL in fruit juices. The PTL-1 aptamer shows resistance to matrix interference and can be applied to the rapid detection of PTL in a blended juice. This study is a nice demonstration of selecting aptamers for a target molecule difficult for the production of antibodies. Graphical Abstract
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it