Free-Standing Catalyst Layers Based on Porous Polymer Composites with Tailored Mass Transport Properties for AEM Water Electrolysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Anion-exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE) for green hydrogen (H 2 ) production is hindered by safety-critical H 2 crossover. Current gas management strategies often overlook the role of catalyst layer (CL) porosity, primarily because conventional ink coating and drying preparation creates dense CLs. Here, we introduce free-standing, fully conductive polymer composite CLs with defined pore structures and high porosities (∼50–75%), which are fabricated through scalable film casting and nonsolvent phase separation of electrode pastes (matrix polymer, carbon filler, nickel catalyst, and solvent). These free-standing CLs can be simply cold-pressed into membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), enabling high current density AEMWE operation (>3 A/cm 2 ). Crucially, gas–liquid transport within these CLs can be engineered through their pore structure to mitigate H 2 crossover. A free-standing cathode CL with good bubble-releasing characteristics reduced H 2 crossover at 0.75 A/cm 2 to 1% in O 2, compared to 2.5% for a CL with suppressed bubble release and 2.3% for a conventional Ni felt.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".