Validation of a Supine Upper-Body Power Test in Physically Active Male and Female Adults Using a Medicine Ball With Accelerometer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Tremblay, M, Prunault, C, Vesco, C, Abboud, J, and Descarreaux, M. Validation of a supine upper-body power test in physically active male and female adults using a medicine ball with accelerometer. J Strength Cond Res 40(4): e346-e351, 2026-The purpose of this study was to validate a supine version of a medicine ball throw test for assessing upper-body power (UBP) in physically active male and female adults. Between session test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and agreement with the seated medicine ball throw protocol (SMBT) and criterion validity of the supine protocol were examined. In addition, the sensitivity of the supine protocol to upper-body neuromuscular fatigue was compared with grip strength measures. Thirty subjects (21 males, 9 females; mean age 26.93 ± 4.26 years) completed 2 experimental sessions 24-72 hours apart. In session 1, UBP was assessed using both the SMBT protocol and supine throw protocols, with peak velocity score (m·s -1 ) measured by an accelerometer-equipped 4-kilogram medicine ball. Grip strength was measured before, between, and after each medicine ball throw protocol. In session 2, grip strength and the supine throw protocol were assessed pre- and postfatigue, induced by repeated rounds of a push-up protocol. Results showed excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation [2,1] = 0.94, 95% CI [0.88, 0.97]) of the supine throw protocol between sessions, and high correlation and agreement with the SMBT protocol ( r = 0.92, p < 0.001). Results of session 2 showed a significant fatigue-induced reduction in UBP supine throw performance ( p < 0.01), but grip strength changes were inconsistent. These findings suggest that the supine medicine ball throw protocol is a reliable and valid measure of UBP. This assessment seems to offer greater standardization and sensitivity to fatigue during specific targeted upper-body exercise compared with grip strength assessments.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".