Photovoltaic Shading and Performance Evaluation in an Offshore Hybrid Wind-Solar Platform
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study proposes and evaluates a hybrid photovoltaic-wind platform designed as an autonomous semisubmersible offshore charging station for vessels at anchorage. The research emphasizes the geometric configuration and shading analysis of photovoltaic modules, both in the horizontal and vertical planes, to determine optimal spacing and maximize energy capture. A case study was conducted for the outer anchorage area of the Port of Constanta <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\left(44^{\circ} 1^{\prime} \mathrm{N}, 28^{\circ} 7^{\prime} \mathrm{E}\right)$</tex>, where Canadian Solar CS7N-660MS modules were considered. The results showed that a total of 72 modules (48 installed on the floating platform and 24 on the turbine tower) can be integrated over an active surface of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$216 ~\mathrm{m}^{2}$</tex>, corresponding to an installed capacity of approximately 47 kW. Based on irradiation data from the Global Solar Atlas and standardized performance models, the annual energy output was estimated at nearly 56 MWh. These findings validate the technical feasibility of the proposed configuration and demonstrate its potential to reduce fossil fuel consumption and pollutant emissions from maritime activities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.020 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".