The Crisis of Policy for Science in France in the First Quarter of the 21st Century
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The article considers the main phases, targets and results of policy for science in France in the first quarter of the XXI century. It is marked that after adoption of the Lisbon Declaration the main targets in the late 1990s became the creation of world competitive institutions of science and education, the increase of their funding, the convergence of science and production in the framework of scientific and production clusters. It is divided into two phases: the preparatory phase (1999—2009), associated with the establishment of the neoliberalism paradigm and the adoption of the technocratic management model of scientific and higher education institutions as enterprises with their inherent financial autonomy, performance ratio and accountability to the main investor — the state. Since 2009, the implementation phase has been launched. It is concluded that despite the successive changes of governments (right-wing-socialist-centrist), not only the policy vector, but also the model of science and higher education management have not significantly changed. Meanwhile, there were accumulating problems: the target indicators of their funding have not been achieved with the progressive growth of management costs, the policy of enlargement of universities and creation of scientific-production clusters has led to mixed results, since, against declared autonomy of institutions of higher education and science, the direct interference in their activities by control authorities and financial oversight has increased, and the competition between them within the country has decreased. In addition, there have been intergenerational ‘traffic jams’ in and out-migration of researchers to management structures, as well as unfair competition within the scientific community with declining support for existing policies. Therefore, a full-blown crisis of policy in the field of science in France during the last quarter of a century, the existence of which is currently denied by the French leadership, can be stated.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it