Arginine is synthesized from proline not glutamate in enterally fed preterm human infants
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Our laboratory recently showed in piglets that proline was the only precursor for de novo synthesis of arginine although in vitro evidence supported glutamate in this role. We performed a multitracer stable isotope study to investigate the immediate precursor for arginine in human neonates. Primed, and intermittent infusion of labeled arginine (M+2), proline (M+1) and glutamate (M+3) were given enterally to four stable, growing preterm infants at 2 weeks of age. Plasma was sampled at 8 and 12 hours during the feeding protocol with urine samples providing the baseline enrichment. The conversion of these amino acids to arginine was measured by LC‐Tandem MS to determine the contribution of each to arginine synthesis. Plateau enrichment of arginine and proline tracers was measured in plasma. Plasma glutamate enrichment was negligible. Significant conversion from proline to arginine was detected. However, the M+3 isotopomer of arginine, which would have been synthesized from glutamate, was not detected. We conclude that, like the piglet, the human neonate only synthesizes arginine from proline, and glutamate is not an arginine precursor in vivo . CIHR supported.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".