Short form-36, Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale/UNIFESP– EPM, Health Assessment Questionnaire-20 and pain in patients after skin graft for venous ulcer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: To assess quality of life, self-esteem, functional capacity and pain in patients with venous ulcer after skin graft. Methods: Clinical, multicenter, analytical, prospective, comparative, controlled and non-randomized study. This study was carried out in the plastic surgery outpatient clinic of Hospital São Paulo and in the Wound Outpatient clinic at Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba. The case series was formed by 50 patients in the Control Group (CG) and 50 patients in the Study Group (SG) both with diagnosis of venous ulcer and indication for skin graft. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee at the Universidade Federal de São Paulo, under authorization #: 0945/08. Data collection was carried out from July 2008 and December 2010. In the CG, data collection was carried out at the time patients were included in the study, and then 30, 90 and 180 days after the first collection. In the SG, the first collection was carried out in the preoperative period and then 30, 90 and 180 days after skin graft. All patients of the CG were operated on after 180 days. Inclusion criteria were: being over 18 years old and having a diagnosis of venous ulcer with referral for skin coverage with skin graft. Exclusion criteria were: Skin lesions that were not completely characterized as venous ulcer, patients with clinical conditions that contraindicated surgery, and patients that had already undergone skin graft. The instruments used for data collection were: Short Form- 36, the Rosenberg self-esteem scale/UNIFESP–EPM, the Health Assessment Questionnaire-20 (HAQ-20), the Numeric Pain Scale, and the Mc Gill pain questionnaire. For statistical analysis, we have used Students’ t test, Kruskal-Wallis test and the Chi-square test of independence. It was fixed in 0.05 or 5% (p ≤ 0.05). Outcomes: In the initial assessment of patients with venous ulcer, the SF-36 scores were low, with a mean score of 18.10 in the CG, and 32.34 in the SG. One month after skin graft was carried out, patients in the SG presented higher scores in the SF-36 (71.38) compared to the CG (18.42). After 90 and 180 days there was also an increase in the scores of the SG compared to the CG (p=0.0001). Mean scores in the HAQ-20 was 2.42 in the CG and 2.65 in the SG, and in the SG there was an improvement in the scores 90 and 180 days after skin graft was carried out (p=0.0001).As for the Rosenberg self-esteem scale/UNIFESP–EPM, in the inclusion of patients in the study, the mean score was 25.50 in the CG, and 25.86 in the SG, and after 90 days and 180 days the SG presented better score compared to the CG (p=0.0001). As for pain assessment using the Numeric Scale and the McGill pain questionnaire, both groups of patients presented pain during the first data collection, however, in the SG 90 and 180 days after surgery, patients presented less pain (p=0.0001). Conclusion: Patients with venous ulcers, that underwent skin graft presented improvement in the quality of life, self-esteem, functional capacity and less pain.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".