Bibliographic record
Abstract
The visual evoked potential (VEP) is an electrodiagnostic test that detects and records the electrical activity in the visual central pathway. The VEP has applicability in veterinary neurology, but the test is not routinely used in Brazil. The aims of this study were obtain normative data of flash-VEP from dogs, sheep and horses. PEV were obtained with monopolar needle electrodes placed in O1 and O2 (active), Fpz (common reference) and Cz (ground). VEP obtained from 17 dogs, 17 sheep and 17 horses were included in the normative study. Both eyes were evaluated, totaling 34 results in each species. The most consistent result in all tests was an electropositive deflection, with a mean latency of 55.4 ms in dogs (P55), 63.75 ms in sheep (P63), and 52.76 ms in horses (P53). All tests also allowed the identification of 2 electronegative deflections: N31 and N75 in dogs, N42 and N86 in sheep, N38 and N72 in horses. The F-VEP was also performed in 3 horses before and during sedation with different doses of xylazine (0.4 and 1.1 mg/kg) or detomidine (0.005 and 0.014 mg/kg). Sedation significantly affected the results, even at the lower dose. It was concluded that the BAEP is a useful and safe test to evaluate the visual central pathway. The obtained data and methodology used in this study will be useful for comparison with the results obtained from animals with different injuries related to the central visual pathway
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".