Preliminary Design of PRIMAVERA: Preliminary Investigation Mission to Achieve Venusian Reconnaissance in Atmosphere
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PRIMAVERA, or the Preliminary Investigation Mission to Achieve Venusian Reconnaissance in Atmosphere, isa Phase 0/A study for a spacecraft developed by thirty students during the week-long 2024 Concurrent EngineeringWorkshop (CEW) hosted by the European Space Agency (ESA) in Transinne, Belgium. The mission objective was todevelop a spacecraft to deliver a floating platform payload into the Venusian atmosphere where it would take in situmeasurements in order to study the Venusian clouds. PRIMAVERA would be launched on an Ariane 64, and a gradualHohmann transfer was planned to take the single-thruster spacecraft to its final circular, equatorial Venusian orbit at5000km. There, thepayloadconsisting of a gondola with instrumentation attached to a helium variable-altitude balloonwould descend to its operational altitude between 50 and 65 km. An iterative approach was taken towards systemsdesign while following concurrent engineering principles. Students from ESA member states, Canada, and Slovakiawere divided into teams of two to four members for each of the following subsystems: structures, configuration, thermal,power, communications and data handling, attitude and orbital control systems, propulsion, trajectory analysis, groundsegment, and cost engineering. Subsystems were worked on simultaneously and parameters were tracked using ESA’sConcurrent Model-based Engineering Tool (COMET software). This paper details the results of the preliminary designof PRIMAVERA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".