Bibliographic record
Abstract
The paper examines the phenomenon of Pretendians within the framework of the discourse of hospitality, as proposed by Jacques Derrida and Gayatri Spivak, following the trajectory of the host vs. guest (stranger) positions as they have shifted between Native Americans and Euro-Americans. Pretendians have been observed across multiple spheres of life and studied extensively as subjects of interest, scrutiny, and criticism. Legitimate Pretendians are welcomed by the nations they aspire to join, whereas racial impostors are either detribalized or denied enrollment. These outcomes often stem from issues related to colonialism, tribal sovereignty, or questions of propriety. The former group encounters hospitality, while the latter provokes hostility—or hostipitality, a term reflecting an oscillation between the two elements of this portmanteau. The negative emotions are ascribed to the imposition of the rules of hospitality by the current host of the US, which is interpreted as a self-colonizing factor, undermining Native American integrity as peoples who have a special status in the USA. The author explores how changing historical circumstances, from the precolonial period to the present day, have shaped these attitudes. The shifting host-foreigner paradigm between Native Americans and settlers, alongside various policies, has created fractures in identities and relationships, ultimately creating conditions in which Pretendians might have appeared, as it turns out, not only in the United States and Canada. The paper argues that the discourse of hospitality provides a nuanced framework for understanding Pretendians and the reasons for hostipitality towards them.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".