Comparing clinical and immunologic response efficacy of systemic prime <i>versus</i> mucosal prime and systemic boost vaccination of beef calves after coinfection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 at weaning.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: This study compared the efficacy of mucosal prime and systemic boost vaccination of young beef calves to the current industry standard of systemic prime in the presence of maternal antibodies. Animals: April-born commercial crossbred beef calves (N = 22) were enrolled as neonates with a mean body weight of 37.7 ± 5.3 kg. Procedure: At birth, 11 calves (PRB) were intranasally administered a commercial combination modified live virus [bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV3)] mucosal vaccine and 11 calves (INJ) remained unvaccinated. At ~39 ±2 d of age, all 22 calves were subcutaneously administered a combination modified live virus systemic vaccine (BoHV1, BRSV, BPIV3, and bovine viral diarrhea virus types 1 and 2). At weaning (159 ±2 d of age), calves were challenged by coinfection with BRSV and BPIV3 and monitored 8 d for health and immunologic outcomes. Results: The INJ group had an increased risk of greater group cumulative clinical scores on Day 8 and rectal temperature > 39.5°C on Days 7 and 8 post-challenge. The INJ calves had lower arterial oxygenation than the PRB on Day 6, indicating more severe lung pathology. Shedding of BRSV and BPIV3 was greater on Days 5 and 7 for INJ compared to PRB. Conclusion: Mucosal priming and systemic boosting resulted in fewer lung lesions and less shedding of virus post-viral challenge at weaning than systemic priming of young calves. Clinical relevance: Prime-boost vaccination optimizes immune development toward weaning.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".