Nonlinear asymptotic analysis of multi-scale interactions between atmospheric Rossby waves and internal gravity waves
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A weakly nonlinear analysis is applied to study a mathematical problem describing two types of waves in an atmospheric fluid flow, namely planetary Rossby waves resulting from the rotation of the earth and internal gravity waves resulting from the gravitational and buoyancy forces. We consider a baroclinic configuration in a three-dimensional region where both types of waves are forced at the same location and propagate upwards and southwards to a critical line where they interact with and modify the background mean flow. By making the quasi-geostrophic approximation and considering a special case where the background flow velocity depends on a linear combination of the meridional (south–north) variable and the vertical variable, perturbation equations describing these wave interactions are derived. Nonlinear interactions between the waves give rise to a divergence of momentum and energy flux, which affects the mean flow. Asymptotic expressions are obtained for the wave-induced mean flow velocity and temperature that result from the combined effects of the Rossby waves and gravity waves. The situation where both types of waves are present is compared with the case with Rossby waves only. While Rossby waves alone cause a westward acceleration of the mean zonal velocity in the vicinity of the critical line, the addition of gravity waves can cause an eastward acceleration, as well as mean temperature changes. The configuration studied is consistent with observations of enhanced temperatures in the mesospheric inversion layer that occurs in the middle atmosphere in situations where both planetary waves and internal gravity waves are present.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".