Investigation of the Chemical Composition of Phenolic Compounds in Saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.) Berries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt. belongs to the Rosaceae family, the fruit of which is a berry, and has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumour, antidiabetic effects [1]. This plant has positive effects on human health, so it is appropriate to analyse the composition of phenolic compounds in the berries of saskatoon trees growing in Lithuania. Aims: to determine and compare the quantitative and qualitative composition of phenolic compounds in the berries of different varieties of saskatoon grown in Lithuania. Methods: the total phenolic compounds in the plant extracts were determined by spectrophotometric Folin-Ciocalteu method. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds was carried out by high pressure liquid chromatography. An ACE C18 chromatographic column (250 mm × 4,6 mm) with a sorbent particle size of 5 μm was used for separation. Results: the total average phenolic compound content of dried saskatoon berry samples is 78,30 ± 26,61 mg/g and 75,76 ± 40,28 mg/g in the frozen samples. Qualitatively assessed phenolic compounds: neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin, hyperoside and isoquercetin. Conclusions: the highest levels of phenolic compounds in dried saskatoon berries were found in 'Thiessen' (J) (111,20 ± 7,78 mg/g) and the lowest in 'Honeywood' (K) (24,03 ± 0,05 mg/g) varieties. The highest levels of phenolic compounds in frozen berries were found in 'Thiessen' (J) (127,51 ± 5,25 mg/g) and the lowest in 'Martin' (J) (11,19 ± 1,32 mg/g) varietes. The qualitative composition of the saskatoon berry samples revealed 5 phenolic compounds.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".