Canadian Construction R & D Performers and Funders: A Report Prepared for the Institute for Research in Construction by the Canadian Construction Innovation Council
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This report on Construction Research and Development Performers and Funders is fifth in the series started in 1983. Previous inventories/surveys were based on activities in 1983, 1987, 1992 and 1998. This study was commissioned by the Institute for Research in Construction (IRC), National Research Council to determine trends in Construction R&D that could be used to assist the government in establishing priorities.There has been a significant reduction in the total amount of construction research and development reported in the past decade. Since 1998 the total construction R&D expenditure has reduced by about 25 per cent. When combined with the reduction of about thirteen per cent between 1992 and 1998 we have seen a cumulative reduction in construction R&D spending of over thirty-five per cent in the past decade.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.012 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.014 | 0.019 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.018 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".