Graft formation in some spur and vigorous apple varieties grafted on Ottawa 3 rootstock: A histological investigation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This research was designed to observe the stages of graft union in relation to different growth rate between the rootstock Ottawa 3 and three apple varieties, Smoothee, Summerred and Braeburn. Three to five graft samples of each rootstock/scion combinations were taken at 30 days interval until 12 months passed after from grafting. Samples were fixed in ethanol (70%). Transverse sections in 20-30 mu m thickness were cut with a rotary microtome. Five base stages of graft formation were examined on samples: (1) development and positions of necrotic layers, (2) proliferation of callus cells, (3) formation of callus bridge at the graft interface, (4) cambial continuity and (5) formation of vascular tissues. In the sections prepared from subsequent samples of graft combinations were seen as a good union. Necrotic layers were eliminated in the callus, except for the outer cortex. In outer cortex region, necrotic layers were transformed to bark. Callus filled the gaps between interface of the stock and the scion. Cambial continuity occurred successfully and vascular tissues were connected. Thus, no evidences for tissue incompatibility were found in this study. Histological observations showed a compatible graft union between the graft partners which have different growing characteristics in relation to tissue formation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".