The Effect of Important Food Sources of Fructose-containing Sugars and Strategies to Reduce Sugar-sweetened Beverages on Markers of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Whether the effects of fructose-containing sugars on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is mediated by the food matrix is unclear. We thus conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, where sixty-seven trial comparisons (n=1877) were included for analysis. The evidence indicates that excess energy as sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) leads to an increase intrahepatocellular lipid (IHCL) and alanine aminotransferase. Since SSBs are a viable health target, the best strategy to reduce SSB intake is needed. We therefore conducted a sub-study within the STOP Sugars NOW trial to evaluate the effect of non-nutritive sweetened beverages (NSBs) and water to reduce SSBs in 30 overweight and obese participants over 4 weeks on NAFLD measures. Using water to replace SSBs significantly decreased IHCL, but this was not seen when NSBs replaced SSBs or NSBs were compared to water. Energy control and food source appear to be mediators of the effect of fructose-containing sugars on NAFLD.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.009 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".