The Intersection between Child Irritability and Parental and Family Factors in Children with Disruptive Behaviour
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Irritability has received growing clinical and empirical attention as a transdiagnostic vulnerability trait; however, it is unclear which factors are most closely associated with its emergence and negative impact on daily functioning (i.e., functional impairment). An increasing body of literature has examined the role of environmental factors, particularly parental and family characteristics, in child irritability. To date, there is no review that comprehensively summarizes associations between parental factors and child irritability. There is also limited research examining how parental characteristics are associated with child irritability and how these might impact functional impairment. This dissertation aimed to address these gaps in the literature through a deeper examination of the role of parental factors on child irritability and potential contributions to impairments in children’s functioning. Study one consisted of a systematic review that evaluated the evidence of associations between three key parental factors (i.e., behaviours, emotional functioning, cognitions) and child irritability. A narrative synthesis of the results of the included studies (n = 48) was undertaken. Findings showed that higher child irritability was associated with non-supportive parenting behaviours (e.g., inconsistent discipline) and parental mental health difficulties (i.e., internalizing and externalizing disorders). Other parental factors (e.g., cognitions) were less studied. In study two, data from mothers of clinic-referred children aged 6 – 12 years (n = 353) with disruptive behaviours were analyzed using a person-centered analytic approach to determine profiles based on measures of maternal mental health difficulties, parenting behaviours, and family functioning. Three profiles were identified and labelled, “Relatively Low Difficulties,” “Mental Health Difficulties,” and “High Difficulties.” Profiles were compared on mother- and teacher-reported child irritability and functional impairment. Profiles with elevated levels of maternal mental health difficulties and negative parenting behaviours had the highest child irritability severity and impairment. Using a mediation framework, child irritability was not found to account for the association between maternal profiles and children’s level of functional impairment. Findings from this dissertation may help to clarity parental factors that may be important to address in prevention and intervention efforts to reduce child irritability symptoms and potentially offset the long-term negative outcomes associated with irritability in children.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.017 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".