Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis examines the process of racialization and criminalization of Black/Jamaicans by one of Toronto's leading daily newspapers; The Toronto Sun (herein called "The Sun." The framework for this study is based on two related aspects to the theory of anti-Black racism: (1) That anti-Black racism is a particular form of systemic and structural racism in Canadian society, which historically and contemporarily has been perpetrated against Blacks. Anti-Black racism has meaning and saliency in the perpetuation of dominant and hegemonic systems of whiteness and the marginalization and banishment of Black/Jamaicans from Canadian society; and (2) That the naming of anti-Black racism is a form of resistance against dominant and hegemonic systems of Whiteness and the building of agency and social transformation against racism and other forms of oppression. The research methodology applies a hybrid of textual analysis to news reports produced by The Sun during 1993 and 1994 to 30 and 236 articles respectively, on Black/Jamaicans involved in crime. The study shows the ways in which (a) the language and discourse selected in these news reports reproduced existing stereotypes and racist ideologies about Blacks and crime. (b) the examination of The Sun's reports revealed the way in which media discourses related to Jamaica, immigration and race promulgates racial ideologies in which Black/Jamaicans are othered. (c) The consequences of othering of Black/Jamaicans is social exclusion or marginalization within Canadian society and banishment by way of deportation, more often than not, to Jamaica. Finally, the study recommends changes in the reporting and depiction of Black/Jamaicans as criminal by The Sun and other media outlets. The study also calls for the building of a unified Black community together with its allies to take resistive actions against this ideology of the Black/Jamaican criminal and against anti-Black racism.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.017 | 0.026 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".