Canine multilobular tumour of the bone arising in non-cranial sites: three cases
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The multilobular tumour of bone (MTB) is a relatively uncommon tumour. Its biological behaviour may range from benign to malignant. MTB typically affects the canine skull; MTBs arising in non-cranial sites are exceedingly rare.(1) Here we present a series of three such cases, including two tumours arising in non-cranial skeletal (spinal and pelvic) and an extraskeletal one (muscle). Methods and results. The first tumour reported concerned the medial aspect of the left thigh of an eight-year-old female Cocker Spaniel that was presented with a history of acute lameness. The second tumour reported arose on the body of the first lumbar vertebra of a 10-year-old male Labrador, while the third concerned the right tuber ischii region of a 13-year-old female Corgi. Clinical signs varied depending on location. All animals were euthanized upon the owners’ request. metastases were observed on necropsy. In the first case, a large tough white tumour replacing the heads of the vastus medialis and rectus femoris muscles was evident; no local involvement of bone or joint was observed. Histologically, the tumours varied widely but were all characterized by the dominant presence of multiple osteoid-containing lobules that were separated, to a varying degree, by fibrous septae, a feature typical of MTB. The spinal tumour also contained myxoid-like material and had an atypical morphology. MTB may arise in non-cranial and extraskeletal sites.and should be included in the differential diagnosis of osseous tumours arising in such sites.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".