The Role of Transforming-growth Factor Beta 1 and Platelet-derived Growth Factor in Right Ventricular Remodeling in Response to Right Ventricular Pressure and Volume-loading
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Residual lesions in repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) induce chronic right ventricular (RV) pressure- and volume-loading which can lead to maladaptive RV remodeling and dysfunction. Recent work has found that pro-fibrotic, transforming-growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) are upregulated in RV hemodynamic overloading models. However, the functional impact and underlying mechanisms of RV fibrosis are poorly defined. Therefore, we hypothesize that TGFβ1 and PDGF induce RV fibrosis which drives RV dysfunction in RV pressure and volume-loading conditions. Utilizing a pulmonary artery band and pulmonary regurgitation in vivo model, to mimic residual lesions found in rTOF, we administered a potent dual inhibitor of TGFβ1 and PDGF, Tranilast (TRN). Our study shows that TRN reduced RV fibrosis and/or hypertrophy in PAB and PR models, which were associated with improved RV function. These results form a basis that TGFβ and PDGF signaling are key drivers of RV dysfunction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".