Metaplasticity Associated with Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Induced Plasticity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Metaplasticity refers to activity-dependent changes in neural functions governing synaptic plasticity; depotentiation is the reversal of long-term potentiation (LTP) by a subsequent protocol with no effect alone. Theta burst transcranial ultrasound stimulation (tbTUS) is an 80s protocol that induces LTP-like effects lasting 30-60 minutes. It was hypothesized that priming continuous theta burst stimulation with 150 pulses (cTBS150), a subthreshold long-term depression (LTD)-like stimulus, would enhance the excitatory effect of tbTUS due to metaplasticity while subsequent cTBS150 would abolish the effects of tbTUS due to depotentiation. 1) sham cTBS150→real tbTUS (tbTUS only), 2) real cTBS150→sham tbTUS (cTBS only), 3) real cTBS150→real tbTUS (active primed), 4) real tbTUS→real cTBS150 (depotentiation) were tested. Changes in motor-evoked potential amplitude, short-interval intracortical inhibition, long-interval intracortical inhibition, intracortical facilitation, and short-interval intracortical facilitation were measured. Results showed increased plasticity duration with priming cTBS150 and abolished plasticity with subsequent cTBS150 compared to tbTUS only, supporting the hypothesis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".