Discursive Formations of Community Music and the Production of Canadian Citizens in Toronto's Settlement Movement, 1900s-1930s
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis examines the discursive formations of community music through the history of Toronto’s settlement house movement, from the opening of University Settlement House in 1910 to the onset of World War Two. Settlement houses created community-based educational and leisure programs for poor and immigrant residents with the objective of citizenship training, and music permeated settlement work, including the establishment of Canada’s first community music schools. Settlement organizers reconfigured music not as an end in itself, but as a tool in fostering ‘civic betterment’ of poor, working class, and immigrant neighborhoods. Using primarily Foucaultian archaeological methods, this study examines how settlement music practices contributed to the discursive formation of community music with two central arguments: first, the ways in which settlement organizers used and described music through its social purpose contributed to the discursive production of community music through an emerging social rationality; second, given the explicit focus on citizenship training, different kinds of musics articulated to different ideas of citizenship in a mutually conditioning relationship. The ensemble of music practices paradoxically challenged and reinforced musical and social hierarchies by emphasizing cultural uplift without social mobility. The dissertation comprises four studies that collectively explore the multiple, contingent, and often competing practices and rationales that contributed to the formation of inter-connected discourses of citizenship and community music. The first study examines how settlement movement proponents used culture and recreation as solutions to the social problems they saw emerging from Toronto’s urbanization. The second study focuses on specific music practices used within settlement democratic and social clubs to foster self-governing behaviours among participants differentiated by gender and age. The third study takes up the rationales and practices of the settlement music schools, analyzing how the trope of good music contributed to the repeatability of conservatory music training as a technique in the cultivation of citizens, while also exalting Western European Art Music within a musical hierarchy, articulated to a corresponding social hierarchy. The final study examines how settlement house workers began integrating musics of immigrant participants to construct the social rationality of music in terms of cultural difference.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.036 | 0.027 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".