Results of soft-shell clam (Mya arenaria) surveys from 2016 to 2020 on the Upper North Shore and update of surveys from 2001 to 2014 in Quebec
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Soft-shell clam (Mya arenaria) is found throughout Quebec’s coastline. Quebec’s coastal zone is divided into shellfish areas, which are grouped into three major regions: the North Shore, Gaspé–Lower St. Lawrence and the Magdalen Islands. Clam beds in 28 shellfish areas on the Upper North Shore were surveyed from 2016 to 2020. The results—including the area of the beds, density (number/m2) and yield (g/m2) of sub-legal-size (20–50 mm) and legal-size (≥ 51 mm) clams, harvestable area, biomass of clams ≥ 51 mm, size structure, sediment grain size and associated species counts—are provided for all those surveys. In addition, an update of the results of surveys from 2001 to 2014 is provided. Shellfish beds varie from 0.004 km2 (Batture aux Gibiers Est) to 5.99 km2 (Pointe-aux-Outardes Ouest). The preferred habitat of soft-shell clams is a mixture of mud and sand sediments in varying proportions. The average density of clams 20–50 mm varies greatly from one bed to another, from 0 (Batture aux Gibiers Est) to 277 clams/m2 (Anse du Colombier). The average densities of clams ≥ 51 mm ranged from 2 (Pointe aux Vaches) to 79 clams/m2 (Rivière Blanche). Values greater than 45 clams/m2 were observed in Rivière Blanche, Îlets Jérémie and Réserve Pessamit Sud. Such values were never obtained during previous surveys from 2001 to 2014 in Quebec. Within each shellfish area, the harvestable area is delineated by a minimum of three contiguous stations with a density of legal-size clams ≥ 16 clams/m2, based on the premise that harvesters target locations with sufficient density of clams. With this premise, four shellfish areas do not have a harvestable area, whereas others have harvestable areas between 0.03 km2 (Batture à Théophile) and 2.37 km2 (Pointe-aux-Outardes Ouest). The mean density of clams ≥ 51 mm over the harvestable area varies from 17 clams/m2 (Batture à Théophile) to 98 clams/m2 (Rivière Blanche). The average yield of clams ≥ 51 mm varies from 338 g/m2 (Batture à Théophile) to 2,843 g/m2 (Rivière Blanche). The highest harvestable biomasses were obtained in Pointe-aux-Outardes Ouest and Réserve Pessamit Sud. These results were compared with those of previous surveys conducted on the same beds. In general, the densities of clams ≥ 51 mm are similar or higher to those in the surveys from 2002 to 2014. However, comparison with surveys conducted from 1967 to 1970 shows that recent densities are lower for several areas.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".