Immigration to Canada from Independent Ukraine (1991–2021): A Historical Context and Sociological ProfileІміґрація до Канади з незалежної України (1991–2021): історичний контекст і соціологічний портрет
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Based on the project Post-1991 Ukrainian Immigration to Canada: An Assessment conducted at the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies, this article offers the first-ever sociological analysis of Ukrainian immigration to Canada in the last thirty years. The authors describe here the goals of the project, offer a preliminary analysis of its data, and outline the value of data housed in the Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) for the longtitudal study of the last thirty years of the Ukrainian immigration to Canada that continued to evolve along with its key statistical parameters. The project is engaged in the longitudinal analysis of socioeconomic parameters of Ukrainian immigration to Canada (1991–2021) and pursues the study of immigrant integration into the fabric of Canadian life as well as pre-existing Ukrainian Canadian community. The authors point out that due to the full-scale Russian war against Ukraine that started in February 2022, the period of continued steady immigration abruptly ended in 2022. Correspondingly, due to the latter, scholars should consider the post-1991 immigration period concluded.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.008 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".