EXPRESSIONIST PALETTE IN FINE ARTS ON THE THEME OF WORLD WAR II AND THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study demonstrates how the German Expressionist tradition, alongside Socialist Realism, was largely reflected in the work of Russian front-line artists: the pain of war often cannot be expressed in a clear, transparent, or carefully maintained realistic manner. The very phenomenon of pain does not presuppose the ordinary, mundane flow of life and its reproduction in the spirit of "imitation of nature." Pain—both physical and emotional—is always a breakdown, a person's escape from everyday respectability. The Expressionist worldview, once engendered by the threat and events of the First World War, corresponds to the worldview of the participants in the Second World War, becoming in many ways not so much a desire to "express" the self as an attempt to extrapolate the pain experienced externally: from the wounded soul— to canvas, paper, cardboard, and wood. The research material primarily consists of paintings and wooden sculptures on display in Russian cities commemorating the 85th anniversary of the Great Victory: "One Fate for All" at the Samara Regional Art Museum (A.M. Romanov, V.D. Sveshnikov, B.M. Nemansky), and the "Artists of Victory" exhibition at the Chuvash National Museum in Cheboksary (S.B. Otroshchenko, E.D. Simkin, N.A. Matsedonsky). Expressionist motifs in the fine arts of foreign artists and graphic artists are also touched upon: in addition to the well-known paintings of S. Dalí and P. Picasso, B. Bobak, P.N. MacLeod, C.F. Comfort (Canada), and J. Fautrier (France)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".