Investigating Accommodation and Endonormativity: TH/DH-stopping and postvocalic /r/ in Malaysian English
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This exploratory study examines the endornormative stability of Malaysian English features through the lens of accommodation in natural speech. This paper reports data from L1 Malaysian English and compares rates of TH/DH-stopping and postvocalic rhoticity between a baseline task with an in-group L1 Malaysian English experimenter, and an critical condition task with an out-group L1 Canadian English experimenter. The results show that postvocalic rhoticity undergoes convergence and towards the exonormative standard, while TH/DH-stopping is maintained between both tasks. In addition, evidence from both the baseline and critical tasks indicate that TH/DH-stopping are regular features used almost categorically by all speakers, while postvocalic rhoticity is more variable both between speakers and within speakers. Drawing from previous evidence of norm orientation as a factor of accommodation and convergence, I argue that maintenance of TH/DH-stopping is indicative of its status as a stabilized, endonormative feature of MalE, while convergence of postvocalic rhoticity towards an exonormative standard points towards ongoing sound changes in Malaysian English from a non-rhotic standard to a rhotic or more mixed variety.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".