Development of a geotechnical design standard for buildings in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Canadians are in the enviable position of having created a world-leading reliability-based geotechnical design code for bridges, namely Section 6 Foundations and Geotechnical Systems of CSA S6:19, Canadian highway bridge design code (CHBDC). Further research is now required to develop similar design provisions for the buildings, where a minimum geotechnical standard is currently lacking in Canada. It is anticipated that such design provisions would be beneficial and could be considered for a future standard.<br/><br/>This report summarizes the findings of a study that investigated target reliability levels for geotechnical systems and the resulting resistance factors required to achieve these reliability targets within a load and resistance factor design (LRFD) framework. The geotechnical problems considered include:<br/><br/>Seismic design of deep foundations;<br/>Seismic and wind loading design of shallow foundations;<br/>Sliding resistance of shallow foundations; and<br/>Sliding and overturning resistance of retaining walls.<br/>This report also summarizes the results of an investigation into direct reliability-based design as an alternative to the LRFD approach.<br/><br/>While most of the unknown resistance factors needed to develop a geotechnical design standard for buildings in Canada are calibrated in this report, areas that require additional research for the calibration of geotechnical resistance factors are identified in the summary.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.010 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".