Bibliographic record
Abstract
fas e Region experienced a return to "oldhioned" winter conditions, with well above-average snowfall in Newfoundland and Labrador and above-average snowfall in the Maritimes.The snow capital of Canada was easily St. John's, NF, which received more than 600 cm (240 in) by the end of March, a total exceeded only by the winter of 1882.Until late December, it looked like winter would follow the pattern established in the 1990s--an often messy mixture of snow and rain with frequent and often prolonged mild spells in January and February.For example, on 18 December western Labrador received 10 hours of rain, which froze on contact, only the second time this had happened in December since about 1960.However, winter then took hold throughout the Region.Temperatures were not as cold as during recent winters, but they remained consistently below average.Birdwise, the highlight of the season was easily the bumper crop of Mountain Ash, which encouraged record numbers of American Robin and Cedar Waxwing to winter.A few of each even survived the period in western Labrador, surely a first for that subarctic portion of our area.Finch numbers were mostly depressed, with the exception of Purple Finch, which was found in above-average numbers in southern New Brunswick and throughout Nova Scotia.Nova Scotia C.B.C.s also experienced record numbers of Song Sparrow, White-throated Sparrow, and Dark-eyed Junco.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.420 | 0.168 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".