Assessing Pesticide Sales Trends: An Agrovet Survey in Parasi, Rupandehi and Kapilvastu Districts of Lumbini Province
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Study assesses practices related to the sale of pesticides and safety measures, the provision of licenses and training for pesticide retailers, and the status of the most traded pesticides in the Parasi, Rupandehi, and Kapilvastu districts. 69 agrovet respondents were selected through a simple random sampling method in the regions. Insecticides were found to be the most demanded type of pesticide (79.7%), followed by fungicides (20.3%). Among the available insecticides, the combination of Chlorpyriphos 50% + Cypermethrin 5% EC was the most traded with index value 0.85. For fungicides, mancozeb was the top choice, followed by the herbicide ammonium salt glyphosate, while aluminum phosphide was the most favored rodenticide. During the study, lack of policies for the proper disposal of expired pesticides was observed. Additionally, there was a low percentage (38.2%) of personal protective equipment (PPE) sales, indicating farmers' minimal attention to pesticide exposure safety. The survey also revealed challenges faced by retailers, including issues such as open borders, the rising number of agrovets in local areas, difficulties in convincing farmers to adopt safety measures, and a lack of pesticide knowledge among farmers. This suggests that the government should ensure stricter monitoring and more rigorous enforcement of regulations regarding the sales of pesticides.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it