La santé mentale des minorités visibles à Montréal au prisme de l’hostilité du quartier
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ce mémoire explore l'association entre l'hostilité du quartier et la santé mentale des minorités visibles à Montréal. Il propose une conceptualisation originale de l'« hostilité du quartier » structurée en trois dimensions interdépendantes : matérielle, systémique et perçue. L'adoption conjointe du modèle socio-écologique et de l'approche intersectionnelle met en lumière les interactions entre caractéristiques individuelles et contextuelles et des expériences différenciées selon la racialisation. Cette recherche comble une lacune de la littérature canadienne, où les travaux sur la santé mentale des minorités visibles articulent rarement les dimensions spatiales, les rapports sociaux de racialisation et l'approche intersectionnelle. Les analyses quantitatives, menées sur un échantillon de 1 119 Montréalais·es (dont 284 personnes de minorités visibles) à partir des données de l'Enquête sur la santé dans les collectivités canadiennes (ESCC 2015), et de données sur le quartier de l'Enquête sociale générale (ESG 2014), révèlent que les minorités visibles et les femmes déclarent une santé mentale moins favorable. Les modèles stratifiés indiquent des associations différenciées : la discrimination dans le quartier est liée à la santé mentale des minorités visibles, tandis que le désordre social et physique l'est pour les non-minoritaires. L'étude souligne la nécessité de dépasser les approches centrées sur la seule défavorisation socio-économique et d'orienter des politiques intégrant les caractéristiques du quartier (désordre social et physique, discrimination, sécurité), ainsi que le développement de services culturellement sécuritaires. This thesis explores the association between neighborhood hostility and the mental health of visible minorities in Montreal. It proposes an original conceptualization of “neighborhood hostility” structured around three interdependent dimensions: material, systemic, and perceived. The joint adoption of a socio-ecological model and an intersectional approach highlights the interactions between individual and contextual characteristics and experiences that differ according to racialization. This research fills a gap in the Canadian literature, where studies on the mental health of visible minorities rarely articulate spatial dimensions, social relations of racialization, and the intersectional approach. Quantitative analyses conducted on a sample of 1,119 Montrealers (including 284 visible minorities) based on data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS 2015), and on neighborhood data from the General Social Survey (GSS 2014), reveal that visible minorities and women report poorer mental health. Stratified models indicate differentiated associations: discrimination in the neighborhood is linked to the mental health of visible minorities, while social and physical disorder is linked to that of non-minorities The study highlights the need to move beyond approaches focused solely on socioeconomic disadvantage and to develop policies that take into account neighborhood characteristics (social and physical disorder, discrimination, safety), as well as the development of culturally safe services.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.014 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".