Les attestations d'assainissement au Québec : des ententes environnementales avantageuses pour les industries ou l'environnement?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The deregulation movement affecting the industrialized countries forced the governments to refocus their prescribed standards. In some jurisdictions, the difficulty raised by this practice resulted in the establishment, with the industry, of a negotiation plan for environmental agreements. In this document, we will explore the problematic of the characterization in law of environmental agreements reached by the administration and the industry. Furthermore, we will evaluate the pros and cons of using this system in the public administration. The subject of this research is mainly based on the depollution attestation adopted in 1988 by the Assemblee Nationale du Quebec to oversee industrial wastes. In effect since 1993, the implementation of this authorization plan has been affected by the various discussions that took place between the pulp and paper industry and the ministere de l'Environnement (MENV). The Protocole d'entente sur la mise en oeuvre des attestations d'assainissement, negociated between the MENV and the Quebec Forest Industries Association in 2000, initiated the licensing procedure of the first depollution attestations to the paper manufacturers targeted by section IV.2 of the Quebec Environment Quality Act. Qualified as a gentlemen's agreement, we will define the obligations of all the parties involved according to the terms of this Memorandum of Understanding. In closing, we will analyze the operating licence systems based upon the integrated approach of the European Union and the United States of America. We will therefore be able to compare the openness to consensus with the industrial sectors of those plans with that of the depollution attestation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".