Bibliographic record
Abstract
Facial trauma can involve soft tissue injuries such as burns, lacerations, and bruises, or fractures of the facial bones. It causes orbital floor fractures, nasal fractures, and fractures of the jaw, zygomatic arch fractures, Le Fort type I, II, or III mid-face fractures, as well as trauma such as eye injuries. Orbital and facial skeletal fractures are a typical result of facial trauma. However, their frequencies vary a lot depending on demographics and socioeconomic conditions. The goal of treatment of orbital and facial skeletal fractures is to maintain or restore the best possible physiologic function and aesthetic appearance to the area of injury. A conservative approach may be warranted in some instances, whereas more invasive intervention may be necessary for other situations. The indications and timing for fracture repair are debatable in the literature.The principal objectives of the study will be to 1) determine the prevalence of facial injuries, orbital fracture and other facial skeletal fractures following facial trauma who visited one of the hospitals in Quebec, 2) to identify the most common cause for facial and orbital injuries, 3) to describe the difference and trend in facial and orbital injuries according to age, gender, and socioeconomic status, 4) to describe the surgical and pharmacological treatment strategies used and to assess the associated clinical outcomes, complications, morbidities, mortality of the different treatment strategies and what is the best approach to treat each patient. This thesis is a nine years retrospective observational study using data from the Quebec Trauma Registry (QTR), Med-Echo hospitalization data, and medical and pharmaceutical services from the Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec (RAMQ). All the patients who sustained a facial trauma between 1994 and 2002 selected from the QTR. Patients with orbital fractures and other facial skeletal fractures identified with the primary and secondary diagnosis ICD-9 and AIS codes for the respective fractures. The selected patients were followed for one year from the occurrence of the fracture by reviewing their QTR records, hospitalization data, and medical and pharmaceutical services. A one-year medical history before the event of the injury will be sought in the administrative database for every patient to adjust the statistical models and avoid confounding bias. This study will provide population-based information on the frequency of orbital and facial skeletal injuries following facial trauma, on surgical and pharmacological treatment strategies used and on the associated clinical outcomes, complications, morbidities, and mortality issued from the different treatment strategies. These results will be essential to identify the most suitable indications and timing for fracture repair in the province of Quebec and any elsewhere
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".