Ecology of the sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter striatus) in southern Quebec
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The reproductive performance of Sharp-shinned Hawks (Accipiter striatus) nesting in southern Quebec was studied during the 1999 and 2000 breeding seasons. In 2000, 37.5% of breeders (equal numbers of males and females) were immature, whereas none were in 1999. In 2000, clutch size and hatching success were 4.4 and 3.1 eggs per nest, respectively. Of 10 pairs monitored in 2000, six hatched at least one chick and five raised young to a bandable age. However, only three pairs successfully fledged at least one young that year, whereas all seven nests observed in 1999 did so. Unseasonable weather in 2000 may have contributed to this decrease in nesting success. In 2000, levels of organochlorines were measured in blood samples taken from sharpshin females and their young at five of the above-mentioned 10 nests. While most compounds were not detected at all, or at least not at levels likely to affect reproduction, concentrations of DDE and PCB's in these breeding females were much higher than in female migrants previously sampled in the eastern United States or Great Lakes. Whereas global contamination of the environment appears to be the source of PCB exposure, this population may be accumulating DDE on its wintering grounds. Habitat assessments were conducted at 12 sharpshin nests over both years of the study. Means of the variables measured (among others) were nest tree height, 15.3 m; tree density, 1052/ha; total canopy cover, 86.7%; coniferous cover, 42.95%; and distance to the nearest opening, 17.5 m. Nests were found in a range of forested habitats, but this population did not exhibit a noteworthy degree of plasticity with respect to the measured parameters. That these sharpshins tended to use structurally older stands with more deciduous cover than other populations did may reflect regional differences in habitat availability and/or in the abundance of competitors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".