Epidemiology of naturally developed humoral immune response to human papillomavirus infection in young, recently formed and sexually active heterosexual couples
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Studies have suggested that human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine-induced humoral immune responses protect against subsequent HPV infections and consequently reduce the risk of HPV-related abnormalities. However, the dynamics of naturally acquired HPV seroreactivity and its impact on HPV acquisition among unvaccinated couples remain poorly understood. Objectives: Manuscript 1 introduces sample-specific modeling approaches to explore the heterogeneity of HPV seroreactivity in unvaccinated sexually active females. Manuscript 2 examines the association between naturally acquired HPV seroreactivity and HPV transmission among heterosexual couples. Methods: The HPV Infection and Transmission among Couples through Heterosexual activity (HITCH) cohort study collected serum L1 antibody titer, genital (vaginal or penile and scrotal specimens) HPV genotyping, and sexual behavior data from recently formed Montreal couples. Females (18-24y) provided biological specimens at 0, 4, 8, 12, 18, and 24 months, while males (18+y) provided at 0 and 4 months. Using baseline and longitudinal antibody titer data from 399 unvaccinated females, Manuscript 1 employed finite mixture modeling (FMM) and group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) to define HPV genotype-specific seronegative and seropositive distributions. We set study-specific HPV16 and HPV18 thresholds at five standard deviations above mean seronegative antibody titers, then assessed their agreement (kappa) against external reference cutoffs (HPV16: 422 median fluorescence intensity (MFI); HPV18: 394 MFI). External cutoffs were derived from a population of sexually inactive, HPV DNA-negative Korean females (15-29y). Manuscript 2 used data from 392 unvaccinated couples and performed analyses considering female-HPV units (n=4914 based on 351 couples) and male-HPV units (n=4214 based on 301 couples). Cox (variance-corrected) and logistic regressions estimated, respectively, hazard and odds ratios (HR/OR) as well as 95% confidence intervals (CI) of genital genotype-specific HPV detections, by partner serostatus (high/low:≥/
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".