Exploring the labour market integration of skilled Black African immigrants in Montreal
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This dissertation explores the perspectives and experiences of Black African immigrants who migrated to Montreal under the Quebec Skilled Worker Program. This research is a multiple case study that explores the challenges skilled Black Africans face when trying to access their pre-migration professions or skilled employment that reflects their qualifications while in Quebec. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 35 participants. They were grouped into three labour market-engagement integration trajectories. This dissertation employs theoretical perspectives and conceptualizations rooted in anti-Blackness and the Black Radical Tradition to examine and analyze how anti-Black racism impacts the labour market integration of Black African immigrants, particularly in accessing skilled employment that reflects their credentials. Participants were constructed as intellectually inferior and faced other discriminatory practices that excluded them from skilled employment reflecting their credentials, such as the Quebec experience employer requirement and accent discrimination. Findings highlight (a) participants’ resilience and agency and their strategies to integrate into the labour market: (b) participants experiences’ of anti-Black racism throughout their trajectories, including when trying to access their pre-migration professions or skilled employment and while participating in the labour market; (c) how employers and settlement agencies channelled participants into unskilled labour; and (d) and how participants’ employment challenges are tied to systemic anti-Black racism in the Quebec labour market. This study contributes to provincial policy recommendations by offering recommendations for ways the Quebec government could address anti-Black racism and other systemic barriers to employment that people of African descent experience, which, in turn, would sensitize employers and encourage them to employ African immigrants for jobs reflecting their qualifications. This study emphasizes that integration is reciprocal; federal and provincial programs are developed not just to integrate immigrants but also for Quebecers to accept Black African immigrants and people of African descent into Quebecois society
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".