Carbon and nitrogen dynamics in soils amended with residues from major and minor crops
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Little is known about how minor oilseed and special crops would affect carbon (C) sequestration potential and nitrogen (N) dynamics when included in diversified crop rotations in the Canadian prairies. Two 24-week aerobic incubation experiments (separately for C and N) were conducted with a mixture of above- and below-ground crop residues (4 g C kg-1 soil) from 13 crops plus a control (no crop residue) using two soils (silt loam and heavy clay). The addition of crop residues increased cumulative CO2-C emissions compared to the control. Across soils after 24 weeks, CO2-C emissions were higher for wheat and flax than for canola, canary seed, hemp, camelina and quinoa, and was higher in the silt loam than the clay soil. Compared to the control, the addition of crop residues reduced or increased net N mineralization depending on the crop residue in both soils. Overall, average net N mineralized was higher in the heavy clay than the silt loam soil, and was higher for quinoa than all other crops, being lowest for flax and wheat. The CO2-C emitted had positive associations with neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), cellulose, ADL/N ratio, C/N ratio and acid detergent lignin (ADL), but was negatively related with water-soluble C, total N and water-soluble N content. Conversely, net N mineralized was positively related to water-soluble C content, and negatively related to NDF, ADF, hemicellulose and cellulose. These findings are based on a short-term controlled environment study, hence, comprehensive studies under field conditions are warranted. © His Majesty the King in Right of Canada as represented by the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food, 2025
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".