Cultural Dimension of Community Based Forest Enterprise in Nepal: A Case of Handmade Paper Enterprise in Eastern Hill of Nepal
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The economic potential of forest-based enterprise has remained an important issue of policy and academic studies and debates in Nepal. However, there is limited or no attention on cultural dimensions. This paper explores the cultural dimensions by focusing on the complementarities and/or contradictions between the culture of people and forest-based enterprise interventions. This paper, based on an ethnographic study of a handmade paper enterprise (between 2015 and 2019 in Sawa village in Tyamke-Mayum Rural Municipality in Bhojpur district in the eastern hill of Nepal), has attempted to discuss the interface between the cultural attributes of Rai people as amoral economy and the techno-bureaucratic processes of the community-based forest enterprise (CBFE) as a part of the global phenomenon of the neoliberal economy. The paper argues that the establishment and functioning of CBFEs in remote village is not only a socio-political process of expansion of state’s bureaucratic controls; but this processes, as a part and parcel of the expansions of neoliberal economic institutions and ideas, have also been displacing and/or destroying the indigenous way of local economy. The paper suggests that there is a need of further studies and evidence-based policy debates about the significance of integrating the indigenous way of the local economy and neoliberal economic institutions and ideas in new Nepal.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".