Bibliographic record
Abstract
The American Three-toed Woodpecker (Picoides dorsalis) is a beetle specialist that feeds primarily on phloem-boring insects that occur only in the inner bark and cambium of attacked trees; apparently it seldom feeds on sap from trees (Murphy and Lehnhausen 1998, Leonard 2001). In Quebec, Imbeau and Desrochers (2002) observed it to spend only 0.6–1.4% of its time feeding on sap from Black Spruce (Picea mariana) trees, and in northern Manitoba Villard (1994) found only one individual feeding on sap. Short (1974, 1982) reported that P. dorsalis presumably does not drill its own holes for sap but occasionally takes it from wells drilled by sapsuckers (Sphyrapicus spp.). Villard (1994) speculated that sap feeding is less well developed in the American Three-toed than it is in the European Three-toed Woodpecker (P. tridactylus) because the sap-feeding niche in North America is already taken by sapsuckers, a conclusion questioned by Imbeau and Desrochers (2002). I found no definitive published reports of P. dorsalis drilling and feeding from sap wells in birch trees (Betula spp.).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".