Radial and Rotational Velocities of a Volume-complete Sample of M Dwarfs with Masses 0.1–0.3 <i>M</i> <sub>⊙</sub> within 15 pc
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We present results from a five year campaign to gather multiepoch, high-resolution spectra of a volume-complete sample of 413 M dwarfs with masses 10%–30% that of the Sun within 15 pc. We report weighted mean systemic radial velocities (RV) and rotational broadening measurements ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>v</mml:mi> <mml:mi>sin</mml:mi> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> </mml:math> ) for our targets. Our typical relative RV uncertainties are less than 50 m s −1 for the isolated, slowly rotating targets in our sample and increase, though remain less than 1 km s −1 , for more rapidly rotating stars. The majority of the single stars in our sample (71 ± 3%) have rotational broadening below our detection limit of 3.4 km s −1 . When combined with astrometric data, our RVs allow us to calculate Galactic space motions, which we use to assign thin or thick disk membership. We determine that 81% and 8% of our sample are highly probable thin and highly probable thick disk members, respectively. We report seven new multilined multiple systems and identify six additional targets with velocity variations indicative of long-period binaries, of which three are new detections. Finally, we find no significant difference in the stellar multiplicity rates of the thin disk (22 ± 2%) and thick disk (21 ± 8%) populations in our sample, implying that mid-M dwarfs do not significantly lose companions at these relative ages. Our survey more than triples the number of these fully convective stars with complete astrometric data and uniformly derived, multiepoch, high-resolution RVs and rotational broadening measurements.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".