Evaluation of nutrition risk in older independent living adults within the Waitemata and North Shore community : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in Nutrition and Dietetics at Massey University, Albany, New Zealand
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Research on the prevalence of nutrition risk in community living adults in \nNew Zealand is limited. With the rise in the proportion of older adults in New Zealand, \nthe assessment of nutrition status of older adults will help to determine those at \nnutrition risk \nAim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of nutrition risk amongst \nindependent living older adults residing in the Waitemata district health board (DHB) \nregion of New Zealand. The objectives of this study were to determine nutrition risk \nusing the Mini Nutritional Assessment – Short Form (MNA-SF) Tool and to identify any \ndemographic, social or health factors associated with nutrition risk among older \ncommunity living adults. \nMethods: A cross-sectional study of 57 older adults was undertaken. Nutrition risk was \nassessed using a validated questionnaire, the MNA-SF. Dysphagia risk was \ndetermined using the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) and cognitive function was \nassessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Information on \ndemographic and social information, health status and use of support services was \nalso collected in one-off interviews. \nResults: Ninety three percent (n=53) of participants had normal nutrition status (MNASF \nscore ≥12). Seven percent of participants (n=4) were found to be at-risk of \nmalnutrition (MNA-SF score ≤11; out of maximum score 14). The majority of \nparticipants with normal nutrition status were New Zealand European (58%), living with \nothers (77%), were married (60%), were taking less than five medications (74%), had \nlower numbers of co-morbidities (70%) and were dentate (42%). Compared to those \nwho were at risk, all participants were women (n=4), three were Maori and Pacific \nethnicity, three took ≥5 medications and three required support services or daily help. \nNo participants were found to be at-risk of dysphagia in the study. \nConclusion: This study found a low prevalence of nutrition risk in a sample of healthy \ncommunity-dwelling older adults. Our results contribute to the body of evidence that \nnutrition screening is important to identify those at nutrition risk. Early identification of \nnutrition risk can help to prevent nutritional problems in older adults and to help adults \nto remain active and healthy within the community.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".