Anxiety Disorders in Suicidal Youth
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that anxiety disorders are associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in a child and adolescent sample referred to a clinic. METHOD: The sample comprised 1979 patients aged 5 to 19 years who were assessed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children--Present Episode (K-SADS-P) at an outpatient mood and anxiety disorders clinic. Subjects were stratified by age and categorized into mutually exclusive groups as being nonsuicidal (n = 817), having suicidal ideation (n = 768), or having attempted suicide (n = 394) in the current episode. Psychiatric diagnoses based on DSM-IV criteria were compared to determine if anxiety disorders were a risk factor for suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Logistic regression was used to control for significant demographic characteristics and comorbid disorders. RESULTS: After stratifying by age, we found no differences across the 3 groups (ideators, attempters, and nonsuicidal youth) in rates of an anxiety disorder in general or in specific rates of panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, simple phobia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Two salient findings involving anxiety disorders were noted with regression analysis. In younger children (age < or = 15 years), attempters had a significantly lower prevalence of separation anxiety disorder (SAD), compared with ideators (OR = 0.30; 95%CI, 0.11 to 0.80; P = 0.006) and nonsuicidal youngsters (OR = 0.14; 95%CI, 0.05 to 0.39; P < 0.0001). In older children (age > 15 years), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) was more prevalent in ideators (OR = 1.65; 95%CI, 1.03 to 2.66; P = 0.03) than in nonsuicidal patients. CONCLUSIONS: Based on this clinical sample, the relation between pediatric anxiety disorder and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts is not straightforward. However, further studies in nonreferred samples are warranted.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".