Bibliographic record
Abstract
Meningococcus is an aerobic, fastidious, Gram-negative diplococcus that is found only in humans. Its cell wall has a cytoplasmic membrane, a peptidoglycan layer, and an outer membrane. Meningococci isolated from the bloodstream or the spinal fluid are almost always encapsulated. The capsules are polysaccharides, which consist of repeating sugar units (1,2). The capsular polysaccharide can be isolated, purified, and chemically and physically defined. Based on the chemical and immunological specificity of its capsular polysaccharides, Neisseria meningitidis has been classified serologically into groups A, B, C, 29E, H, I, K, L, W135, X, Y and Z (2). Of these, groups A, B, and C are responsible for approx 90% of meningococcal meningitis, and group B meningococcus is responsible for the majority of meningococcal disease in industrialized countries (1,2). The structures of the repeating units of the meningococcal polysaccharides have been elucidated and are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Structures of the Capsular Polysaccharides of N. meningitidis Group Structure of repeating unit Reference A →6)α-D-ManNAc(1-PO4→ (8) 3 ↑ OAc B →8)α-D-NeuNAc(2→ (5) C →9)α-D-NeuNAc(2→ (5) 7/8 ↑ OAc H →4)α-D-Gal (l→2) glycerol 3-PO(4)→ (6) L →3)α-D-GlcNAc (l→3) β-D-GlcNAc (l→3) α-D-GlcNAc-1-PO(4)→ (7) X →4)α-D-GlcNAc-1 -PO(4)→ (4) Y →6)α-D-Glc (l→4) α-D-NeuNAc (2→ (OAc) (9) W135 →6)α-D-Gal (l→4) α-D-NeuNAc (2→ (9) Z →3)α-D-GalNAc (1→1) glycerol 3-PO(4)→ (10) 29E →7)β-D-KDO (l→3) α-D-GalNAc (l→ (11).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.009 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".