Bibliographic record
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have deleterious or beneficial effects; this dual nature of ROS means that ROS act as intracellular signaling molecules and as defense mechanisms against micro-organisms. An overproduction of ROS results in oxidative stress, a deleterious process that damages cell structures, including lipids, proteins, and DNA. Oxidative stress plays a major role in various human disease states, including endocrine dysfunction. As a safeguard against oxidative stress, several endogenous nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant systems exist. Antioxidants can delay or prevent oxidative stress and are widely used in the hope of maintaining health and preventing diseases. Although early studies suggested that antioxidant supplements promoted health, later clinical trials revealed that it may not be true in all cases. In this article, we provide a brief review of the pathophysiologic aspects of oxidative stress in a number of the most commonly human endocrionopathies (diabetes, male and female infertility and thyroid diseases) and review the therapeutic potentials of existing antioxidant strategies. We focus on human clinical trials and discuss the implications of their results. Based on the data reported so far, we conclude that the results reported challenge us to design better antioxidant trials in future, with a particular emphasis on identifying 1) appropriate doses 2) selecting the right populations 3) treating for optimal durations and 4) specific intracellular targeting mechanisms.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".