Abstract 3151: Inflammatory Markers and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Relation to the Apob/Apoa-i Ratio in Healthy Men and Women; The Epic-Norfolk Population Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Studies have shown that individuals with an elevated apoB/apoA-I ratio are at increased risk for CHD. Presence of higher levels of inflammatory markers is also associated with increased CHD risk. The respective contributions of the apoB/apoA-I ratio and inflammatory markers to CHD risk are unknown. The apoB/apoA-I ratio and the plasma concentrations of an extensive panel of inflammatory markers including CRP, adiponectin, fibrinogen, myeloperoxidase, secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) as well as lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activity were measured in a prospective case-control study of 844 cases and 1762 matched controls (1651 men and 955 women) aged between 45–79 years who participated to the EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study. In both sexes, compared to participants in bottom apoB/apoA-I ratio tertile, participants in the top tertile had the highest levels of CRP (4.4 [3.7–5.0] vs. 2.8 [2.4 –3.2] mg/dL, p<0.001 in men and 4.1 [3.4 – 4.8] vs. 3.1 [2.6 –3.6] mg/dL, p=0.03 in women), fibrinogen (3.2 [3.1–3.2] vs. 2.9 [2.8 –2.9] g/L, p<0.001 in men and 3.2 [3.1–3.2] vs. 3.0 [2.9 –3.1] g/L, p<0.001 in women) and the highest Lp-PLA2 activity (60.7 [59.3– 62.1] vs. 47.3 [46.0 – 48.6] nmol/min/mL, p<0.001 in men and 55.6 [53.8 –57.4] vs. 41.5 [40.2– 42.8] nmol/min/mL, p<0.001 in women) and the lowest adiponectin levels (7.9 [7.6 – 8.3] vs. 10.2 [9.7–10.6] μg/mL, p<0.001 in men and 11.3 [12.7–13.5] vs. 15.5 [14.6 –16.1] μg/mL, p<0.001). Myeloperoxidase and sPLA2 levels did not differ in apoB/apoA-I ratio tertiles. Compared to men in the bottom apoB/apoA-I ratio tertile and only 0 or 1 inflammatory markers in the top tertile (bottom for adiponectin), men in the top apoB/apoA-I ratio tertile had odds ratio (OR) for future CHD of 1.7 [95%CI 1.1–2.5], whereas those with 4, 5 or 6 inflammatory markers in the top tertile had an OR of 2.1 [1.4 –3.1] for future CHD. Among women, these OR for future CHD were of 1.7 [1.05–2.9] and 2.2 [1.2–3.9]. Men and women with an elevated apoB/apoA-I ratio also exhibited increased levels of inflammatory markers. The presence of additional elevated levels of multiple inflammatory markers was associated with an elevated CHD risk independent of higher levels of apoB/apoA-I ratio.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".