Abstract 18959: Minimally Invasive CABG: Results to 6 years
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the longitudinal outcomes of minimally invasive CABG (MICS CABG). METHODS: We prospectively followed 800 consecutive patients who underwent MICS CABG, performed through a 4-6 cm thoracotomy in the left 5th intercostal space. During MICS CABG, the left internal thoracic artery was harvested under direct vision with long instruments, proximal anastomoses were handsewn onto the ascending aorta after mobilizing it in a stepwise fashion, and all myocardial territories were accessed for distal anastomoses by using an apical positioner and/or epicardial stabilizer. All operations were performed by either one of two surgeons. Mean follow-up was 2.2 years (maximum 6.4 years). RESULTS: Mean patient age was 63.5 ± 10.8 years and 197 patients were female (24.6%). A mean of 2.2 ± 0.8 grafts were performed. Peripheral cardiopulmonary bypass assistance was used in 77 patients (9.6%). There were 25 (3.1%) conversions to sternotomy, and 26 (2.7%) reoperations for bleeding. New onset atrial fibrillation occurred in 187 (23.4%). Overall, the median hospital length of stay was 4 days, and perioperative mortality was 1.0% (8/800). No deep wound infection occurred. At 2 years postoperatively, mid-term survival after MICS CABG was 98.0 ± 0.7%, and 22 patients (2.8%) had undergone percutaneous coronary reintervention. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that MICS CABG constitutes a feasible and increasingly established minimally invasive alternative for patients in need of multivessel CABG. It is associated with a short hospital length of stay, no deep wound infections, and is a safe, reproducible operation yielding survival and durability results in par with that of conventional CABG.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".