Effect of low‐dose dopamine on cardio‐respiratory physiology in heart failure patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Previous work has shown that carotid chemoreceptor (CC) inhibition increases cardiac output at rest in dogs with heart failure (HF). To translate this knowledge to humans, we recruited clinically stable HF patients (n=7; EF: 36±15%) and risk‐matched controls (CON; n=9; EF: 64±4%) from the Heart Function Clinic at the University of Alberta hospital, the Alberta HEART study, and from the general population. Ventilation, blood pressure, ECG, and aortic ultrasound were measured. Dopamine (DA) was infused at 2μg/min/kg to inhibit the CC. At rest, we found higher mean arterial pressure (98±14 vs 78±9mmHg; p=0.003) and higher total peripheral resistance index in CON (0.05±0.03 vs 0.04±0.01mmHg/mL/min/m 2 ; p=0.01). These differences could be due to more frequent anti‐hypertensive treatment in HF. The DA decreased ventilation in HF (7.6±2.1 vs 6.8±1.7L/min; p=0.04) but not in CON (6.7±2.0 vs 6.7±2.0L/min; p=0.96). While there was no difference in cardiac output index (Q) at rest between groups (p=0.15), after DA infusion HF patients had higher Q (CON:1.7±0.5 vs HF:2.6±0.5L/min/m 2 ; p=0.02). In HF, low‐dose DA inhibits the CC and increases resting cardiac performance. Funded by Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".