Is it time to move beyond the QALY in vision research?
Pourquoi ce travail est dans la base
Une base qui oublie comment elle a trouvé un travail ne peut pas être vérifiée. Voici les voies qui ont admis celui-ci.
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Economic evaluation of health programs is the science of weighing the benefit of a health intervention against its cost. The metric used to evaluate this relationship is the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), which represents the cost of each unit of effectiveness ‘‘purchased’’ through the health program. 1 For instance, if effectiveness of a medical treatment for diabetic retinopathy was measured in letters correct on an Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) chart, an economic evaluation would compare the new intervention to the existing standard practice, estimating the difference in letters correct and the difference in cost. The cost-effectiveness of the intervention would be measured by dividing the difference in cost by the difference in letters correct, resulting in the ICER. The decision as to whether the intervention is ‘‘cost-effective’’ is based on comparing the ICER to the ‘‘willingness to pay’’ for that unit of effectiveness. If the ICER is less than the willingness to pay, the program would be adopted. 2 While this process is straightforward in theory, the problem in practice is that there are few payors who have established the willingness to pay for any unit of effectiveness – be it letters correct, lives saved, or cases screened. The notable exceptions to this are payors in Canada, the United Kingdom, and the European Union who established a standard willingness to pay for a quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained through a health program. 3–5 The QALY is a composite measure in which a year lived is weighed by a value representing the quality of life enjoyed during that year. The metric used to estimate the quality of life associated with that year is a preference-based measure referred to as a utility. It is measured on a scale ranging from perfect health (1.0) to death (zero) 6 which, in theory, encompasses all possible health states. Therefore, a health-related utility elicited in this manner provides a common measure of effectiveness by which all health-related interventions might be judged and a standard willingness to pay for a QALY might be established. Estimating utilities in this fashion is a time consuming and cognitively difficult task for most study participants requiring that the respondent engage in a series of trade-offs in which they balance their desire for perfect health against a risk of death or
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,210 | 0,189 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,004 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,003 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,005 | 0,103 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle